1881
Russian pogroms cause devastation in the Pale of Settlement, southern Russia.
1882
Bilu [Bet Yaacov Lechu VeNelcha (Yeshayahu perek 2 or 3).] - first halutz [pioneering] movement founded in Kharkov, Russia.
Hibbat Tzion societies founded
Beginning of first Aliyah: migration/"ascension" of Jews from Russian Empire and Romania to Palestine.
Leon Pinsker, in Autoemancipation, argues the case for a Jewish State.
1883
Baron de Rothschild begins support of Jewish settlements in Eretz Yisrael.
1884
First Conference of Hovevei Tzion [Lovers of Zion] movement, headed by Pinsker, in Kattowicz.
1890-91
Large wave of Jews arrives from Russia